The Christmas Star Conundrum
Sunday, November 29th, 2009The Christmas Star conundrum. Fresh knowledge of the old astrological beliefs and contemporary computer-based planetary tables may yet shed new light on this age-old query. But before going back in time to explore the potential answers, one needs to realize the many problems the questions.
Matthew is the only one of the four gospels which brings up either the Star of Bethlehem or the magi. The Gospel of Mark, considered by modern-day text scholars to be the most historic of the Gospels, does not include a nativity narrative or any suggest that Jesus was born in Bethlehem. The author of the Gospel of John also looks to be unaware of the Bethlehem nativity narratives. The Gospels often reported Jesus as “of Nazareth,” but never as “of Bethlehem”. Many scholars have reasoned that Jesus was plausibly born in Nazareth and that the nativity narratives are influenced by the desire of the Gospel writers to depict his birth as a fulfillment a prophecy in the Book of Micah concerning a Bethlehem birth.
Matthew’s description of the miracles and omens attending the birth of Jesus can be equated to stories bearing on the birth of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Linking a birth to the first appearance of a star was reconciled with the standard belief each person’s life was united to a particular star. Magi and astronomical events were adjacent in the public mind by the visit to Rome of a delegation of magi at the time of a dramatic appearance of Halley’s Comet in AD 66.
There are legion other elements that bring to the puzzle, including the uncertainty in the sure date of Christ’s birth and the terminology used to describe celestial events during the Stars appearance some 20 centuries ago. For instance, any celestial object bright enough to attract attention was ready to be called a “star.” Meteors, for instance, were considered “shooting” or “falling ” stars; comets were “hairy” stars; novae were “new” stars and planets were called “wandering” stars.